14.［誤］—Is anybody there?

　　— No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave.

　�。壅�］—Is everybody there?

　　—No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave.

　　［析］ 許多學(xué)生在寫作和選擇答語或問句時(shí)總要語法在前，而不是習(xí)慣用語在先。所以總是要拘泥疑問句中的不定代詞。Is anybody here? 在英語中意為：這里有人嗎?而Is everybody here?為：全都到齊了嗎?所以首先要考慮的是其答語。 No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave.

　　15.［誤］—Your handwriting is very good!

　　—No， my handwriting is very poor.

　�。壅�］—Your handwriting is very good!

　　—Thank you.

　　［析］ 中國人遇到別人稱贊，總是以謙遜為美德。但英美人則往往認(rèn)為自信是美德。所以當(dāng)別人夸獎(jiǎng)你或贊美你時(shí)，就應(yīng)說： Thank you. 又比如中國人見面時(shí)常講 Where are you going? 或 Have you had your breakfast yet?而英美人則認(rèn)為你過多的干預(yù)別人的私生活了。而他們見面時(shí)往往問一些無關(guān)緊要的話，如： Hello! How are you going? (你過得怎樣)! 等。而Good morning 和 How do you do則被認(rèn)為是較正規(guī)的問候語，在日常生活中則十分少見。

　　16.［誤］ When you have had dinner with an American friend and want to leave, you may say： "Excuse me. I'll go first."

　　［正］ When you have had dinner with an American friend and want to leave, you may say： "Excuse me. I have to go."

　�。畚觯� 這兩句答語都是正確的，其關(guān)鍵不是語法，而是習(xí)慣問題。如果在這樣的場(chǎng)合你講 I'll go first. 朋友們會(huì)迷惑不解，而 I have to go則表示由于外界的特殊原因而造成的你要離去，而你本人則十分不愿做此事。

　　17.［誤］—Would you like to come to dinner tonight?

　　—I'd like to， and I'm too busy.

　�。壅�］—Would you like to come to dinner tonight?

　　—I'd like to， but I'm too busy.

　　［析］ I'm too busy與 I'd like to在意義上正好相反。所以要用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞。這里考查了對(duì)詞義合乎邏輯的表達(dá)能力。所以要強(qiáng)調(diào)語言環(huán)境，更要強(qiáng)調(diào)在語言的基礎(chǔ)上的詞語辨析。

　　18.［誤］—Where's Deter?

　　—Deter will come with us tonight but he isn't very sure yet.

　�。壅�］—Where's Deter?

　　—Deter may come with us tonight but he isn't very sure yet.

　�。畚觯� 由于 but 所引出的句子可以看出 Deter 的來與不來是十分不確定的，所以應(yīng)用 may 來表達(dá)一個(gè)不肯定的事件。

　　19.［誤］—Hi， haven't seen you for ages! You look fine!

　　—Great. You look well too.

　　［正］—Hi， haven't seen you for ages! You look fine!

　　—Thanks. You look well too.

　　［析］ 要注意的是 Great 在口語中多表示驚嘆，而 Thanks 則表示感謝對(duì)方的稱贊。所以對(duì)情景談話要有準(zhǔn)確的判定，要根據(jù)情景，身臨其境，上下對(duì)照，周密思考，弄清場(chǎng)合，注意英美人的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，注重語義上的詞語辨析，并要進(jìn)行大量的語言實(shí)踐練習(xí)，擴(kuò)大實(shí)際交際能力。

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