引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞

A.that

連詞that本身沒有意義，在從句中不擔(dān)任任何句子成分，在賓語從句中有時(shí)可省略。

I hear (that) he has joined the football club. 我聽說他已經(jīng)加入了足球俱樂部。

That light travels in straight line is known to all. 眾所周知，光是以直線傳播的。

It so happens that I know the man. 碰巧我認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)。

Is it certain that they will win 他們一定會(huì)贏嗎

B.whether和if

連詞whether和if本身有意義(解釋是否)，在從句中不可省略。

1.whether可以連接所有的名詞性從句，而if只能引導(dǎo)賓語從句。

I didn't know whether he would attend the concert. 我并不知道他是否參加音樂會(huì)。(賓語從句，可用if代替whether)

The question is whether it s worth trying. 問題是值不值得試一試。(表語從句，不可用if代替whether)

Whether she comes or not makes no difference. 她來不來都沒有關(guān)系。(主語從句，不可用if代替whether)

He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必須回答他是否同意此事這樣一個(gè)問題。(同位語從句，不可用if代替whether)

2.whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可作介的賓語，而if則不能。

It all depends on whether they will support us. 這完全取決于他們是否支持我們。(不用if)

Ryan was worrying about whether he had hurt her feelings. 瑞恩擔(dān)心是否傷害了她的感情。

3.if既可引導(dǎo)語從句，也可引導(dǎo)賓語從句。如果用if會(huì)引起歧義，應(yīng)避免使用if，而用whether。

Please let me know if you want to join us. 請(qǐng)告訴我你是否想加入我們。(if引導(dǎo)的從句可被看成是賓語從句，if表示是否)

Please let me know if you want to join us. 如果你想加入我們的話，請(qǐng)告訴我一聲。(if引導(dǎo)的從句可被看成是條件狀語從句，if表示如果)

Please let me know whether you want t join us. 請(qǐng)告訴我你是否想加入我們。(為避免引起歧義，可用whether表示是否)

C.who, whom, whose, what, which

連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which等在從句中既起連接作用，同時(shí)又擔(dān)當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語、表語等成分。

No one knows who he was waiting for. 沒人知道他當(dāng)時(shí)在等誰。

We are worrying about what we should do next. 我們正在為下一步該怎么辦而煩惱。

Tell me whos house it is. 告訴我這是誰的家。

Let me know which train you will be arriving on. 告訴我你將乘哪列火車到達(dá)。

D.where, when, how, why

連接副詞where, when, how, why等在從句中既是連接詞，又作狀語。

I don't know where we are going to have the meeting.我不知道我們將在哪兒開會(huì)。

She always thinks of how shecan work well. 她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。

What I am anxious to know is when we can visit the museum. 我急于知道我們什么時(shí)候能參觀博物館。

比較：

when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句和名詞性從句中的不同時(shí)態(tài)。

Please lt me know when you arrive. 你到的時(shí)候，請(qǐng)告訴我一聲。(when引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句，從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來表示將來。)

Please let me know when you will arrive. 請(qǐng)告訴我你什么時(shí)候到。(when引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，從句中用一般將來時(shí)。)

E.whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever, whosever

連接代詞whoever = anyone who任何人, 無論誰;whatever =anything that凡是...，無論什么;whichever = anything that無論那一個(gè), 任何一個(gè);whomever = anyone whom (whoever的賓格形式)。

Whoever comes to the club is welcome. 不論誰來參加這個(gè)俱樂部都?xì)g迎。

Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.凡是值得做的就值得做好。

They ate whatever they could find o the deserted island. 他們?cè)诨膷u找到什么就吃什么。

You may do whatever you will. 你可做任何你想做的事。

I'll take whichever book interests me.我愿買任何讓我感興趣的書。

Whosever book is overdue will be fined. 不管誰的書過期未還都要被罰款。

比較：

連接代詞whoever在賓語從句中作主語，whomever作賓語從句中賓語。

You may offer he book to whoever wants it. 你可把這本書給任何想要的人。(此句中不能使用whomever，因?yàn)閣hoever在賓語從句中作wants it的主語)

You may offer the book to whomever you like.你可把這本書給任何你喜歡的人。(whomever在賓語從句中作you like的賓語)

　　 歡迎使用手機(jī)、平板等移動(dòng)設(shè)備訪問中考網(wǎng)，2025中考一路陪伴同行！>>點(diǎn)擊查看