2022中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)合不定代詞

1.some, any, every, no都能和one, body, thing一起構(gòu)成代詞，這些代詞叫復(fù)合不定代詞。它們基本含義為：

指

人 somebody

someone 某人

anybody 、anyone ：任何人

everybody 、everyone：每人

nobody 、no one ：沒(méi)人

指物 Something某物某事 anything任何事物 everything一切 nothing沒(méi)東西

2. 一般情況下，some構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞，其作用和some相同，用于肯定句;any構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句;no構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞表示否定含義，用于否定句。如：

① I have something to tell you. 我有事要告訴你。

② He didn’t say anything at the meeting yesterday. 昨天在會(huì)上他沒(méi)發(fā)言。

③ Everybody likes swimming. 每個(gè)人都喜歡游泳。

④ There is nothing wrong with your ears.

你耳朵沒(méi)毛病。

3. something可用于提建議或請(qǐng)求的問(wèn)句中，以及希望說(shuō)話對(duì)方作出肯定回答的問(wèn)句中。如：

Would you like something to eat? 你要吃點(diǎn)東西嗎?

4. 復(fù)合不定代詞在句子中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。如：

Nobody knows his name. 沒(méi)有人知道他的名字。

5. 不定代詞的定語(yǔ)要后置。如：

Is there anything important in today’s newspaper? 今天的報(bào)紙上有什么重要新聞嗎?

一般的，不定代詞(包括復(fù)合不定代詞)在句子中，通常用第三人稱單數(shù)形式

6。復(fù)合不定代詞的否定。

1、“not every-”表示的是部分否定，意為“并非都，不都”。例如：

Not everything will go well. 并非一切都會(huì)那么順利。

The teacher didn’t call everyone’s name. 老師并沒(méi)有點(diǎn)所有人的名。

2、“not any-”和no-均表示全否定。例如：

He listened, but heard nothing.他聽(tīng)了聽(tīng)，但什么也沒(méi)聽(tīng)到。

= He listened, but didn’t hear anything.

You haven’t called anyone/anybody up, have you? 你沒(méi)給誰(shuí)打過(guò)電話，是嗎?

= You have called no one/nobody up, have you?

1.不定式是英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種形式。它在許多情況下可省略"to",它不同于漢語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，漢語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只有一種形式。如：我看書。她看書。但英語(yǔ)要說(shuō)“看”必須根據(jù)主語(yǔ)的人稱，動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間等確定其形式。如：1)I read a book. 2)She reads a book.1)句中的“read”

是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第一人稱的動(dòng)詞定式。2)句中的“reads”是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)的動(dòng)詞定式。

I want to read a book./She wants to read a book.

我想要看書。她想要看書。其中的“看”不易確定其形式。因?yàn)閯?dòng)作還未發(fā)生，因此稱不定式。通俗的說(shuō)，就是“不一定是什么形式”

2.不定代詞是不指明代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞，英語(yǔ)中不定代詞有：some(something，somebody，someone)，any(anything，anybody，anyone)， no(nothing，nobody，no one)， every(everything，everybody，everyone)，all，each，both，much，many，(a)little，(a)few，other(s)，another，none，one，either， neither等。

1) 陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是I，疑問(wèn)部分要用 aren't I.

I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?

2) 陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是wish，疑問(wèn)部分要用may +主語(yǔ)。

I wish to have a word with you, may I?

3) 陳述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含義的詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用肯定含義。

The Swede made no answer, did he / she?

Some plants never blown (開(kāi)花), do they ?

4) 含有ought to 的反意疑問(wèn)句，陳述部分是肯定的，疑問(wèn)部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主語(yǔ)。

He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?

5) 陳述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑問(wèn)部分常用don't +主語(yǔ)(didn't +主語(yǔ))。

We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?

6) 陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是used to 時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用didn't +主語(yǔ)或 usedn't +主語(yǔ)。

He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?

7) 陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問(wèn)句部分用hadn't you?

You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?

8) 陳述部分有would rather +v.，疑問(wèn)部分多用 wouldn't +主語(yǔ)。

He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?

9) 陳述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑問(wèn)部分用wouldn't +主語(yǔ)。

You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?

10) 陳述部分有must 的疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。

He must be a doctor, isn't he?

You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?

He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?

11)感嘆句中，疑問(wèn)部分用be +主語(yǔ)。

What colours, aren't they?

What a smell, isn't it?

12) 陳述部分由neither… nor, either… or 連接的并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定。

Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?

13) 陳述部分主語(yǔ)是指示代詞或不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this, 疑問(wèn)部分主語(yǔ)用it。

Everything is ready, isn't it?

14) 陳述部分為主語(yǔ)從句或并列復(fù)合句，疑問(wèn)部分有三種情況：

a. 并列復(fù)合句疑問(wèn)部分，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語(yǔ)而定。

Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?

b. 帶有定語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句，疑問(wèn)部分謂語(yǔ)根據(jù)主句的謂語(yǔ)而定：

He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?

He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?

c. 上述部分主句謂語(yǔ)是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，疑問(wèn)部分與賓語(yǔ)從句相對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句。

I don't think he is bright, is he?

We believe she can do it better, can't she?

15) 陳述部分主語(yǔ)是不定代詞everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑問(wèn)部分常用復(fù)數(shù)they，有時(shí)也用單數(shù)he。

This is our new headmaster, isn’t it?

Those are Japanese, aren’t they?

One should be ready to help others, shouldn’t one?

One can’t be too careful, can you?

Each of the students has a dictionary, hasn’t he?

Each of the students passed the examination, didn’t they?

None of his money is left, is it?

None of his friends are interested, are they?

None of his friends has come, has he?

Something will have to be done about the price, won’t it?

Everybody is kind to you, aren’t they?

No one left here yesterday, did they?

Someone turned that radio down, don’t they?

Neither side could win, could they?

Everything that he says is false, isn’t it?

I am older than you, aren’t I / ain’t I?

I am working now, ain’t I / am I not?

I wish to see the movie now, may I?

I wish I were you, may I?

16) 帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare或need的反意疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分常用 need (dare ) +主語(yǔ)。

We need not do it again, need we ?

He dare not say so, dare you?

當(dāng)dare, need 為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用助動(dòng)詞do + 主語(yǔ)。

She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?

17) 省去主語(yǔ)的祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分用will you。

Don't do that again, will you?

Go with me, will you / won't you ?

注意： Let's 開(kāi)頭的祈使句，后用shall we?

Let us 開(kāi)頭的祈使句，后用will you?

Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?

Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?

18) 陳述部分是"there be"結(jié)構(gòu)的，疑問(wèn)部分用there省略主語(yǔ)代詞。

There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?

There will not be any trouble, will there?

19)否定前綴不能視為否定詞，其反意疑問(wèn)句仍用否定形式。

It is impossible, isn't it?

He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?

20) must在表"推測(cè)"時(shí)，根據(jù)其推測(cè)的情況來(lái)確定反意疑問(wèn)句。

He must be there now, isn't he?

It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?

快速記憶表

陳述部分的謂語(yǔ) 疑問(wèn)部分

I aren't I

Wish may +主語(yǔ)

no,nothing,nobody,never,

few, seldom, hardly, 肯定含義

rarely, little等否定

含義的詞

ought to(肯定的) shouldn't/ oughtn't +主語(yǔ)

have to+v.(had to+v.) don't +主語(yǔ)(didn't +主語(yǔ))

used to didn't +主語(yǔ)或 usedn't +主語(yǔ)

had better + v. hadn't you

would rather + v. wouldn't +主語(yǔ)

you'd like to + v. wouldn't +主語(yǔ)

must 根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定

感嘆句中 be +主語(yǔ)

Neither…nor,

either…or 連接的根 據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定

并列主語(yǔ)

指示代詞或不定代詞

everything,that, 主語(yǔ)用it

nothing,this

并列復(fù)合句 謂語(yǔ)根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語(yǔ)而定

定語(yǔ)從句,賓語(yǔ)從句的

主從復(fù)合句 根據(jù)主句的謂語(yǔ)而定

think,believe,expect,

suppose,imagine等引導(dǎo) 與賓語(yǔ)從句相對(duì)應(yīng)的從句

everybody,anyone,

somebody,nobody,no one 復(fù)數(shù)they,單數(shù)he

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare或need need (dare ) +主語(yǔ)

dare, need 為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do +主語(yǔ)

省去主語(yǔ)的祈使句will you?

Let's 開(kāi)頭的祈使句Shall we?

Let us 開(kāi)頭的祈使句Will you?

there be 相應(yīng)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+there(省略主語(yǔ)代詞)

否定前綴不能視為否定詞 仍用否定形式

不定代詞做主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)

must表"推測(cè)" 根據(jù)其推測(cè)的情況來(lái)確定反意疑問(wèn)句

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